_*]:min-w-0"> The Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences is an international, peer-reviewed, specialized, and indexed journal. The journal comes as a peer-reviewed extension of the journey of journals published by the Arab Institute for Science and Research Publishing (AISRP), and is issued monthly. Through this journal, we seek to enrich societal thinking, enhance national cohesion, and shed light on various humanitarian issues by publishing original, high-value humanities and social sciences research. The Editor-in-Chief is Professor Samir Al-Sheikh Ali. _*]:min-w-0"> The journal focuses on publishing high-quality research in various fields, including sociology, anthropology, history, geography, philosophy, linguistics, literature, media studies, political science, international relations, cultural studies, Islamic studies, law and jurisprudence, social work, and development studies. _*]:min-w-0"> The journal seeks to achieve leadership in publishing peer-reviewed scientific research that contributes to understanding social phenomena, addressing contemporary challenges, and promoting dialogue between cultures and civilizations. The journal is committed to the highest international scientific peer-review standards, ensuring the quality and integrity of published content and enhancing its position as a reliable scientific reference for researchers and academics in the Arab world and globally.
The Arab Institute for Science and Research Publishing (AISRP)
Egyptian-Israeli Relations after Operation Flood of Al-Aqsa (2023-2025): A Descriptive-Analytical Study of Political and Diplomatic Transformations
This study examines the nature of Egyptian-Israeli relations as one of the fundamental pillars of the regional security equation in the Middle East. It aims to analyze the trajectory of these relations during the period from 2023 to 2025 and anticipate the future of the Camp David Accords 1978 signed between the two sides, in light of the rapid field and political developments in the region, The researcher adopts a historical, descriptive, and analytical approach to trace the historical roots of Egyptian-Israeli relations and analyze their current reality in light of the repercussions of Operation Breaking Dawn 2023 launched by the Palestinian resistance in the Gaza Strip against Israel, and the subsequent complex political and security repercussions that affected both sides, The study's timeframe extends from 2023 to 2025, a period that witnessed profound transformations in the nature of relations between the two sides, The geographical boundaries include the Arab Republic of Egypt, Israel, the Gaza Strip, and the Sinai Peninsula, as the main arena for security and political interactions between them. The objective boundaries focus on analyzing the course of bilateral relations between Egypt and Israel and anticipating the future of the Camp David Accords in light of rapid regional developments, The study concludes that Operation Protective Edge put the Camp David Accords to a true historical test; although they did not collapse, they lost much of their flexibility. The study also reveals that the bilateral relationship was characterized by intertwined interests and mutual concerns: Egypt seeks to protect its national security and the stability of its borders, while Israel seeks to maintain its strategic partnership with Cairo and avoid any direct military confrontation. The study also indicates that a partial truce scenario remains the most likely in the short term, with the possibility of limited escalation if red lines are crossed, Among the study's most important recommendations are the need to support the Egyptian, Arab, and international position rejecting the displacement of Gaza's population to the Sinai Peninsula.
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Cricket as a Cultural Practice: An Ethnographic Study of the Pakistani Community in Tabuk
The study aimed to identify the game of cricket among the Pakistani community in Tabuk, and to know their culture when playing cricket. The study community was the Pakistani community in Tabuk, and the study sample consisted of (28) individuals who were chosen in a purposive manner. The study used the ethnographic method and the observation and interview tools as criteria for content analysis. The study reached a number of results, the most important of which were: Cricket is very popular among the Pakistani community and other Asian communities in the Kingdom, and it promotes cultural values among members of the Pakistani community. In light of the study's findings, the study made several recommendations, including: paying attention to allocating cricket stadiums because it has become a global game, holding competitions between communities present in Tabuk, and forming cricket teams.
Self-awareness and its relationship to aggressive behavior among Palestinian adolescents
The research aimed to examine the nature and direction of the relationship between self-awareness and aggressive behavior. The research sample consisted of (100) male and female adolescents, who were randomly, selected, from the northern governorates of the West Bank - Palestine. The research used the self-awareness scale prepared by Al-Khalidi (2014) and the aggressive behavior scale prepared by Amal Baza (2003). The descriptive analytical approach has been used and the reliability coefficient was calculated using the coefficient (Cronbach's alpha), where the stability value of the scale of self-awareness was (0.78) and the scale of aggressive behavior was (0.96), and this is considered sufficient for the purposes of the research. The results showed an inverse correlation between self-awareness and aggressive behavior, and the absence of statistically significant differences in self-awareness and aggressive behavior among the sample of adolescents due to the variables of gender, place of residence, age, and educational level,The recommendations underscore the imperative to organize workshops, seminars, and targeted training programs for teaching staff aimed at fostering self-awareness and managing aggressive behavior within classroom settings. Furthermore, they call for the pursuit of additional empirical research focusing on adolescents and the factors contributing to the manifestation of aggressive behavior in the Palestinian context, as well as examining these factors in relation to other relevant variables.
The Witness Shop in Damascus and Cairo (from the middle of the seventh century to the first quarter of the tenth century AH)
In the early seventh century AH, new institutions appeared in the Levant and Egypt: Notarial Centers in the Levant and Notarial Shops or Booths in Egypt. They brought together contract scribes and witnesses whose signatures validated legal documents. While notaries and witnesses had existed since early Islam, they had worked separately, which complicated contract drafting and authentication. The creation of these offices unified their efforts and made the process easier for the public. Notarial shops soon became an informal extension of the judiciary, serving all social classes by drafting and authenticating contracts. Located near markets, schools, and courthouses, they engaged directly with society, offering legal advice, religious opinions, and forums for scholarly debate. They embodied the authority and dignity of the scholarly class while operating under judicial supervision. Despite their prestige, occasional misconduct drew criticism. Abolished after the Ottoman conquest, these institutions remain historically significant as evidence of an advanced stage in the evolution of the Arab judicial system, preceding similar developments in parts of the Western world.
Multiple Roles of Working Academic Women and their Relationship with Family Problems in Yemeni Universities: A Field Study at Aden University
The study aimed at identifying the reality of multiple roles of a working woman and their relationship with the family problems in the Yemeni universities: A field case study on (63) of female academics working at the faculties of the University of Aden. To achieve the objectives of this study, the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach and the questionnaire to collect the data of the field study. After analyzing and discussing the data, the study revealed a number of findings such as that the main reason of a working woman is to depend on herself and achieve self-sufficiency, and the husband's consent for his wife's working is mainly attributed to economic conditions. In general, these women's children do not experience any decline in their academic performance. A working woman is capable of fulfilling various roles, whether at work or within the family, and her work does not pose any problems for her, as she is capable of managing both her occupational and &nbsp;familial duties. The findings also revealed that the most prominent difficulty encountered by the working woman is insufficiency of her monthly income because of rising prices and deteriorating living conditions. Security is achieved through her work, her husband's work, or by working together to provide a happy life, and by the man's understanding of the working woman. The study concludes with a number of Recommendations, such as: creating a work environment for women, exchanging family roles with men, and solving problems wisely.
The Impact of Happiness at Work on Improving Job Performance: An Applied Study in Government Agencies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2025
The study aimed to explore the impact of workplace happiness on improving job performance in a governmental entity in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The research adopted the descriptive-analytical method due to its suitability for the topic. The problem of the study stems from the need to understand whether happiness at work can serve as a significant motivational factor influencing employees’ efficiency, productivity, and cooperation within the demanding environment of public institutions. Previous studies have focused mainly on private or educational sectors, leaving a research gap regarding public organizations in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study seeks to bridge that gap by investigating the extent to which workplace happiness affects job performance in government agencies. The importance of this study lies in highlighting the role of happiness as a key organizational factor that enhances productivity, strengthens employees’ commitment, and reduces absenteeism and turnover. Understanding how happiness contributes to performance improvement provides valuable insights for policymakers and human resource managers to design supportive environments that promote employee well-being and align with Vision 2030 objectives of improving workplace quality and efficiency in the public sector. The study is based on a sample of 384 employees and measures the independent variable of workplace happiness through three dimensions: participation, job satisfaction, and affective organizational commitment, while the dependent variable-job performance-includes teamwork, communication skills, and customer service. The main hypothesis states that workplace happiness has a statistically significant and positive effect on job performance. Sub-hypotheses propose that participation, job satisfaction, and affective commitment each have significant effects on improving performance. Findings are expected to show that higher levels of workplace happiness correspond with higher performance levels.
The Cultural and Religious Impacts of Arabic Language on the State and Citizens: Bangladesh as a Case Study
This study examines the cultural and religious impacts of the Arabic language on the state and citizens of Bangladesh, considering it a sacred language in Islam and one of the influential factors in shaping the religious and cultural identity of the Bangladeshi people. The research aims to reveal the role of the Arabic language in strengthening Islamic affiliation, consolidating religious values, and influencing the fields of education, culture, politics, and religion, with a particular focus on how this influence is reflected in the behavior of individuals and the institutions of the state. The researcher adopted the descriptive-analytical method, analyzing historical, educational, and cultural texts and sources, in addition to the views of several Bangladeshi and Arab scholars and thinkers regarding the presence of the Arabic language in Bangladeshi society and its educational and religious institutions. The findings revealed that the Arabic language constitutes a central element in shaping the Islamic identity of Bangladeshi society, as it is the language of the Qur’an and religious rituals. It also contributes to strengthening spiritual and cultural ties between Bangladesh and the broader Islamic world. Moreover, the spread of Arabic and Islamic schools, along with the growing interest in learning Arabic in universities and religious institutions, has helped to promote religious awareness and enhance cultural and civilizational communication. Finally, the study concluded that the Arabic language is not merely a medium of religious expression but an active tool in building the moral and intellectual values of citizens. Supporting it and expanding its presence in education, media, and cultural policies would contribute to consolidating Islamic identity and promoting national unity within the framework of Bangladesh’s cultural diversity.
The Reality of Intellectual Compatibility Between Spouses and Its Relationship to Self-Efficacy Among Saudi Working Wives
This study aimed to examine the level of intellectual compatibility between spouses and its relationship to self-efficacy among a sample of working wives. The sample consisted of 380 Saudi working wives residing in the city of Jeddah. To achieve the study objectives, the descriptive correlational method was employed. A research instrument was developed to collect data, consisting of two questionnaires: the Intellectual Compatibility Between Spouses Questionnaire, which includes three dimensions (marital problem-solving, intellectual rigidity, and shared goals), and the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, which includes three dimensions (behavioral initiative, effort, and perseverance). The validity and reliability of the instrument were confirmed using Cronbach’s Alpha and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.The results revealed that the level of intellectual compatibility between spouses was moderate among the study sample, with a mean score of (3.32) out of (5). while the level of self-efficacy was found to be high, with a mean score of (4.08) out of (5). Furthermore, a statistically significant positive correlation was identified between intellectual compatibility and self-efficacy among the participants. The study concluded with several recommendations, including integrating the concept of intellectual compatibility into premarital counseling programs organized by the Ministry of Social Affairs or family counseling centers, and incorporating the concept of self-efficacy into support programs for working women, in a way that enhances their adaptability and ability to achieve work–life balance.
Intellectual compatibility between spouses
Table of Content: The Reality of Intellectual Compatibility Between Spouses and Its Relationship to Self-Efficacy Among Saudi Working Wives Ms. Huda Musa Hakami, Co-Prof. Najat Abdullah Malibari The Cultural and Religious Impacts of Arabic Language on the State and Citizens: Bangladesh as a Case Study Co-Prof. Muhammad Abu Al-Kalam The Impact of Happiness at Work on Improving Job Performance: An Applied Study in Government Agencies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2025 Mr. Khalid Awad Al-Enzi Multiple Roles of Working Academic Women and their Relationship with Family Problems in Yemeni Universities: A Field Study at Aden University Dr. Saif Mohsen Abdulqawi The Witness Shop in Damascus and Cairo (from the middle of the seventh century to the first quarter of tenth century AH) Mr. Mohammed Abdullah Zaouari Self-awareness and its relationship to aggressive behavior among Palestinian adolescents Dr. Saeed Yousef Sweilim Cricket as a Cultural Practice: An Ethnographic Study of the Pakistani Community in Tabuk Asst-Prof. Mohammed Ali M. Al Moteb ,Prof. Mohsen Abdalrhman Mohsen Al-Mohsen Egyptian-Israeli Relations after Operation Flood of Al-Aqsa (2023-2025): A Descriptive-Analytical Study of Political and Diplomatic Transformations Dr. Mohammed Haidar Alastal
The Journal of Human and Social Sciences
The Use of Media in the Field of Da'wah: Between Reality and Prospects
Media is considered one of the most influential tools in shaping societal awareness and guiding communities in the modern era. Its utilization in the field of Islamic da’wah has become an urgent necessity to keep pace with the rapid changes in the world of communication and knowledge. This study aims to examine the current use of media in Islamic da’wah, identify the main challenges faced by preachers and Islamic institutions in this domain, and clarify the requirements for activating these media in a manner consistent with Islamic values and responsive to contemporary needs. The study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach by reviewing previous studies and observing contemporary models of da’wah media practices. The findings indicate that the current state of da’wah media suffers from weak strategic planning, a shortage of qualified media professionals, scattered efforts among institutions, in addition to intellectual and cultural challenges emerging from globalized media. The study recommends the need to train specialized personnel who combine Islamic jurisprudence with media expertise, establish modern media platforms, and develop clear policies to leverage digital media for widely disseminating Islamic da’wah.
L2 Morphology Acquisition Perspectives in Optimality Theory: Preliminary Observations of The Case of the Acquisition of the Past Tense Marker “-ed”
L2 acquisition is currently an important issue in psycholinguistics research. The conception of grammar acquisition in L2 within the optimality paradigm is different from the Universal Grammar (UG) framework. Grammar consists of a set of innate universal constraints rather than a set of rules. These constraints account for all possible child’s input during the acquisition process. The function GEN (Generator) produces an infinite number of possible candidates. The learner based on his algorithm, which serves as a filter, will outrank optimal candidates in the hierarchy of constraints and demote the least optimal “the losers”. The child is able to outrank and demote candidates according to the evidence he gets from the input. The following study investigated morphology acquisition within the scope of the Optimality Theory. It aimed at examining the hypothesis of the emergence of the unmarked and the access to UG. The outcome of the study reveals that lower constraints remain in the grammar of the child and show up in cases of the emergence of the unmarked phenomena as indicated in the data recorded from my informant. Moreover, it was noticed that she still has access to the Universal Grammar (UG) since the general pattern of her utterances is characterized by a noticeable inclination towards unmarked forms rather than marked forms especially in the early stages of L2 acquisition.
The Crisis of Party Action in Morocco and the Challenge of Fostering Development: An Analytical Study
This study aims to analyze the impact of the crisis of party action in Morocco on the process of fostering development by examining the essential roles played by political parties in supporting and ensuring the effectiveness of development strategies. The research is based on the assumption that the party action crisis, characterized by structural dysfunctions and weak political mobilization, directly undermines the effectiveness of development policies. A descriptive-analytical methodology was adopted, employing content analysis and historical approaches to trace the evolution of the partisan phenomenon, interpret the manifestations of the crisis, and assess its effects. The findings reveal that the widening gap between citizens and politics, along with declining trust and political participation, constitutes one of the most significant obstacles to democratization and development. Furthermore, the limited performance of political parties in designing and implementing public policies contributes to the ineffectiveness of development programs. The study recommends restructuring Moroccan political parties and enhancing their organizational and mobilization capacities to become key actors in consolidating democracy and advancing sustainable development.
Researching China's policy towards the sectarian conflict in Syria and its future
This research analyzes Chinese foreign policy toward current developments in Syria within a theoretical framework derived from international relations theories, with a focus on political realism, constructivism, and role theory. The research relies on a case study methodology supported by comparative analysis, political discourse analysis, and available quantitative data. The findings indicate that China used its veto power in the Security Council on the Syrian issue 16 times between 2011 and 2024, reflecting its commitment to supporting the Syrian regime and preventing unwanted foreign interference. The data also showed that bilateral trade between China and Syria remained limited during the war years (averaging less than $500 million annually), but China has made plans to increase its investments in infrastructure and reconstruction projects if the security situation stabilizes. Critically, it is clear that China has adopted a cautious and pragmatic policy that blends the principles of non-interference with its economic and security interests. However, it has faced a contradiction between its rhetoric supporting inter-Syrian solutions and its practices, which practically serve to strengthen the existing regime. The study concludes that China's success in Syria depends on its ability to strike a better balance between stated principles and actual engagement in reconstruction.
Challenges Hindering the Utilization of Social Innovation Programs: A Study of the Reality of Social Work Pioneers - A descriptive study of enrollees in social innovation programs at Princess Al-Anoud Foundation, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - May 2025
This study aimed to identify the challenges that hinder the effective utilization of social innovation programs by social entrepreneurs at the Princess Al-Anoud Foundation in Riyadh. A descriptive survey method was adopted using a comprehensive enumeration approach, with an electronic questionnaire distributed to 178 participants, of which 142 valid responses were collected, achieving a response rate of 79.8%. The findings revealed that the overall mean score of challenges was (3.68 out of 5), indicating a high level of agreement. The most prominent challenges were the lack of specialized innovation centers (mean = 3.97), limited organizational attention to social innovation (3.91), insufficient financial support (3.89), weak incentives for innovation products (3.87), and limited integration of artificial intelligence tools (3.81). Cultural and psychological barriers were also evident, such as limited awareness of social innovation (3.69) and fear of failure (3.44). The study concludes that institutional, technical, cultural, and psychological challenges collectively reduce the effectiveness of social innovation programs, and it recommends establishing innovation hubs, providing financial and advisory support, and integrating modern technologies to enhance their societal impact.
Coexistence and Tolerance in Granada during the Almoravid Era (448–541 AH / 1056–1147 AD)
The Islamic presence in Granada was not merely a superficial stage of coexistence among different religious groups, but rather a complex laboratory where declared values of tolerance interacted with the pragmatic demands of politics and economics. Tolerance was never absolute; it often functioned as a strategic tool employed by ruling powers to secure stability and prosperity. Periods of political strength encouraged openness and intellectual flourishing, while times of weakness or economic rivalry triggered restrictions and exclusion. Thus, the study of coexistence in Granada goes beyond idealized narratives and highlights the dynamic tension between principles and interests. This duality not only produced a culturally diverse and innovative society but also exposed its fragility in moments of crisis. The Andalusian experience, therefore, reveals coexistence as a historical process shaped by shifting balances of power, rather than as a static or perfect model.
Mothers’ Perspectives towards Factors Associated with Children’s Screen Time: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study in the city of Jeddah
This study aimed to identify factors associated with screen time among children in early childhood (ages 3–5) from the perspective of mothers in Jeddah by examining the correlations between parenting styles, household rules regulating children’s screen time, mothers’ attitudes toward children’s screen use, and children’s actual screen time. These factors were selected due to their modifiability, which may help reduce children’s screen time. &nbsp;The researcher adopted the descriptive method and a cross-sectional analytical design, collecting data through an electronic questionnaire administered to (384) mothers. The instrument comprised four sections: two questions to verify the sample’s suitability to the study population, demographic data, the dependent variable—children’s screen time, and three independent variables (parenting styles, screen-time regulations, and mothers’ attitudes). Results showed a negative correlation between both (the democratic parenting style and screen-time regulations) with children’s screen time, suggesting that democratic practices and clear rules were associated with reduced exposure. By contrast, a positive correlation was found between (the authoritarian style) and children’s screen time, indicating greater exposure. All correlations were weak, except for screen-time regulations, which showed a moderate association. No significant relationship was observed between (mothers’ attitudes or the permissive style) and children’s screen time. &nbsp;Accordingly, the researcher recommends awareness programs for mothers highlighting the importance of regulating screen use and the role of parenting styles and household rules in reducing exposure. Further research is suggested to investigate additional factors influencing children’s screen-time behavior.
Family Stability Among Families of Children with Autism Disorder: A Social Study (An Applied Study on Families of Children with Autism Disorder in the Regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia – 2023 / 1444 AH)
This study aims to analyze the effects of having a child with autism disorder on family stability within Saudi society. The study relied on a descriptive analytical approach using data collection tools, including questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The sample included 170 parents of children with autism, in addition to conducting 8 interviews. The results showed increased levels of psychological and social stress among families, especially mothers, which reflected on the stability of family life and increased tension in marital and educational relationships. The findings also indicated that the availability of psychological and social support contributes to improving family adaptation and reducing problems. The study recommends conducting further research that highlights the positive effects on the family. It also emphasizes the importance of strengthening family counseling and distributing responsibilities among family members, in addition to raising community awareness about autism disorder through media and awareness programs. Furthermore, the study urges achieving balance in the treatment of children to avoid their feelings of insecurity within the family.
Table of Content: Family Stability Among Families of Children with Autism Disorder: A Social Study (An Applied Study on Families of Children with Autism Disorder in the Regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia – 2023 / 1444 AH) Ms. Albatool Houmeid Almalki, Ms. Ryouf Nasser Alkhaldi, Co-Prof. Rajaa Taha Alqahtani Mothers’ Perspectives towards Factors Associated with Children’s Screen Time: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study in the city of Jeddah Ms. Ruwaydah Abdulrahman Abdulwali, Co-Prof. Najat Abdullah Malibari Coexistence and Tolerance in Granada during the Almoravid Era (448–541 AH / 1056–1147 AD) Dr. Maali Mohammed Yasin Challenges Hindering the Utilization of Social Innovation Programs: A Study of the Reality of Social Work Pioneers. A descriptive study of enrollees in social innovation programs at Princess Al-Anoud Foundation, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - May 2025 Ms. Maryam Saeed Almansouri, Co-Prof. Asma Mohammed Al-Bunyan Researching China's policy towards the sectarian conflict in Syria and its future Dr. Lao Linging The Crisis of Party Action in Morocco and the Challenge of Fostering Development: An Analytical Study Dr. Fath Ellah Ramdani The Use of Media in the Field of Da'wah: Between Reality and Prospects Co-Prof. Muhammad Aminul Hoque L2 Morphology Acquisition Perspectives in Optimality Theory: Preliminary Observations of The Case of the Acquisition of the Past Tense Marker “-ed” Dr. Fehmi Youssef
Financial Liberalization & Economic Growth: Theoretical Overview
This study examines the effects of financial liberalization on economic growth through a comprehensive review of theoretical and empirical literature. The research addresses the ambiguity surrounding these effects by employing a descriptive approach, analyzing historical and contemporary studies, and incorporating empirical evidence from developing countries. The findings indicate that financial liberalization generally has a positive impact on economic growth, particularly when prerequisites such as strong institutions, good governance, and macroeconomic stability are in place. However, some studies caution that improper implementation can lead to financial crises. The study highlights the benefits of gradual liberalization, enhanced competition in the banking sector, and the role of Islamic banking in adapting to global financial integration. Recommendations include investing in financial technology, improving workforce training, and strengthening regulatory frameworks to mitigate risks.
Contrastive Montage in Examples of Contemporary Saudi Poetry
This study examines the use of cinematic montage techniques in Saudi poetry, represented by contrastive montage. It aims to explore the cinematic technique of contrastive montage that has been used in Saudi poetry, and to explore how contemporary Saudi poetry, as a literary genre, uses contrastive montage as a modern technical art. It also explores the impact of the montage technique based on the contrast of cinematic poetic scenes on poetic meaning. This study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach, analyzing and processing poetic texts to explore the contrastive montage technique applied in their poetic construction and its impact on contemporary Saudi poetry. The study concludes by confirming the presence of this cinematic technique in contemporary Saudi poetry. Saudi poets used it in two ways: first, through contrastive montage based on shot-to-shot contrasts, and second, through contrastive montage based on scene-to-scene contrasts.
Al-Hilal's victory over Manchester City: an analysis of Western media representations of the event and its symbolic connotations
Al-Hilal’s victory over Manchester City in the 2025 FIFA Club World Cup was an unprecedented sporting event that attracted wide attention from Western media. This study analyzed how this victory was represented in Western coverage, approaching it as a symbolic moment laden with meanings that transcend the sporting context, in order to understand its reception within global media discourse. A qualitative analytical approach was employed through content analysis of articles published in leading Western outlets during the first week after the match, aiming to uncover discursive framings and representational patterns. The analysis revealed four main themes: downplaying the importance of the victory, framing the event as an unexpected surprise, reproducing Eurocentric perspectives in the narrative, and adopting a cautious and controlled approach to its broader implications. These findings show that the event was not ignored, but was at times stripped of its symbolic significance—either through questioning its meaning or confining it to the frame of a fleeting shock. The findings from this sample of Western media coverage indicate a variation between celebratory and cautious tones, with early signs of a relative shift in representing the Saudi football project—from being portrayed merely as financial investment to being recognized as a serious competitive project—alongside a relative decline in the prevalence of the usual negative discourse. Based on these results, the study recommends strengthening international communication and media strategies to highlight Saudi sporting achievements, with emphasis on constructing alternative narratives that transcend entrenched stereotypes in Western discourse, and encouraging future comparative studies to assess the impact of such events on perceptions of the Kingdom’s image and its global football standing.
Semiotics of Clothing in the Novel Tawq Al-Hamam: A Reading of Cultural and Social Symbols
This research examines the semiotics of clothing in the novel Tawq Al-Hamam by Raja Alem, through an analysis of the cultural symbols and social meanings associated with dress as a tool for conveying layered societal and historical dimensions. The study aims to uncover how garments are employed to shape the literary identity of characters and to highlight class and social distinctions through visual elements embedded in clothing. The research adopts a semiotic methodology rooted in the theories of Roland Barthes and Yuri Lotman, focusing on the reading of cultural signs within literary texts. Due to the scarcity of visual or documented references to popular dress in Mecca prior to the establishment of the Saudi state, the study relies on the novel’s narrative memory as a storytelling archive that expresses the lived realities of society and illuminates the specificity of time and place. The findings reveal that clothing in the novel is not merely descriptive, but serves as a profound semiotic device—subtly documenting popular history and collective memory through fabric, silhouettes, and stylistic expression. The study concludes that clothing plays an active role in constructing the psychological depth of characters and mirrors the social transformations in Hijaz during the final phase of Ottoman rule. This study recommends further exploration of clothing as a cultural text within literature and highlights the potential of this lens to inform creative domains such as theatre, screen production, and children’s literature—reviving collective memory through visual and imaginative narratives.
Jawad Ali: A Historical Study of His Life, Works, and Methodology
This research presents a historical study of the renowned Iraqi historian Jawad Ali, examining his life, scholarly writings, and methodological approach. Recognized as one of Iraq's first doctoral graduates from Germany, Jawad Ali pioneered a sophisticated and objective historical methodology. He rigorously prioritized original sources to ensure credibility and minimize personal bias within his extensive body of work. The study aims to: 1) explore Jawad Ali's biography, 2) analyze his most significant publications, evaluating their scholarly status and contribution, and 3) elucidate his distinctive historical methodology, opinions, and intellectual framework. Employing a historical research method, the investigation involved systematic collection, critical analysis, and interpretation of source material to ascertain historical accuracy and assess Jawad Ali's significance as a historian. Key findings establish that Jawad Ali secured a distinguished position within academic circles. This recognition stemmed not only from his seminal writings but also from his influential scholarly perspectives and ideas, which continue to benefit researchers. He established himself as a prominent Iraqi intellectual whose erudition significantly shaped subsequent generations of scholars and historical research in Iraq. Consequently, Jawad Ali emerges as a pivotal figure within the field of historical studies, particularly influencing Iraqi scholarship.
The geomorphology of coastal features between South Sharm and Yanbu in the north to Ras Al-Breika in the south - the western coast of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia using remote sensing technology
The research examined the geomorphological study of coastal phenomena between south of Sharm Yanbu in the north and up to Ras al-Brika to the south, the study gained importance from the diversity of the region by geomorphological phenomena affected by coastal nudity. The study aimed to highlight the study of coastal phenomena, natural factors affecting the formation of the coast, as well as to determine the degrees of human interventions and their impact on the geomorphology of the coast of the study area. To achieve these objectives, the study relied in its methodology on the objective approach by studying the subject of sculpture and anchoring in terms of characteristic, processes and distribution, as well as the analytical approach by analyzing the characteristics of the phenomenon studied, as well as on some methods such as surveying and field monitoring, in addition to the method of analyzing space visuals to monitor human interventions, and working a map of the degrees of this intervention. The study found the concentration of marine genealogy phenomena, in the Sector of Sharm Yanbu, and the Sector of Ras Al-Abbasi, as well as the human interventions and coastal squirts in the sector of the industrial port of Yanbu, and the sector of the industrial city of Yanbu, comes the sector of a miracle marina, the sector of Khor al-Salja, and the sector of Ras al-Brikiya a fertile environment for the diversity of coastal geomorphological phenomena affected by sculpture and marine anchorage. The study also found human influence as a geomorphological agent through human interventions, where by comparing space visuals for the years (1972-2020) it was possible to indicate the extent of changes in the geomorphology of the Coastline by an increase of 4,891 km by a percentage increase of 40.48%. The study also found that the coast of the study area could be classified in terms of the intensity and degree of human interventions to (highly changing coasts, medium-changing coasts, low-change coasts) and each accounted for (50.14%, 4.43%, 45.42%) respectively.
Applications of Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing
Economic Life in the Islamic City during the Mamluk Era in Egypt, Syria, and Palestine (1250-1517): Feudalism, Economic Policies, and the Monetary Inflation Crisis
This study investigates the economic life in Islamic cities during the Mamluk era in Egypt, Syria, and Palestine (1250-1517 AD), focusing on the military feudal system, economic policies, and the monetary inflation crisis. The research employs a descriptive historical approach and socio-economic analysis of statistical data. Findings reveal that the military feudal system led to economic monopolization by the ruling elite, with cities shifting towards an export economy targeting European markets, especially Italy. The influx of European gold and silver currencies mixed with copper caused a monetary inflation crisis, negatively impacting purchasing power and urban markets. Customs policies reduced tariffs on European imports while raising them on local exports, devastating local industries and causing a decline in industrial and commercial production. These economic and political factors contributed to the disintegration and fall of the Mamluk regime. The study recommends further research on the role of cities like Aleppo and Alexandria in Levantine trade, the causes of monetary inflation, and the impact of precious metals from the New World on European and Middle Eastern markets.
:Table of Content Economic Life in the Islamic City during the Mamluk Era in Egypt, Syria, and Palestine (1250-1517): Feudalism, Economic Policies, and the Monetary Inflation Crisis Prof. Samir Hassan Al-Chikh Ali The geomorphology of coastal features between South Sharm and Yanbu in the north to Ras Al-Breika in the south - the western coast of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia using remote sensing technology Ms. Maram Hilal Al-Haisuni Jawad Ali: A Historical Study of His Life, Works, and Methodology Asst-Lecturer. Jassib Abd Al-Amir Akab, Asst-Prof. Hamid Karimipour Semiotics of Clothing in the Novel Tawq Al-Hamam: A Reading of Cultural and Social Symbols Co-Prof. Arwa Dawood Khomayyies Al-Hilal's victory over Manchester City: an analysis of Western media representations of the event and its symbolic connotations Co-Prof. Mona Mohammed Ibrahim Al-Sheddi Contrastive Montage in Examples of Contemporary Saudi Poetry Ms. Mona Abdulrahman Alsaeed Financial Liberalization & Economic Growth: Theoretical Overview Dr. Abubakr Eltigani Elhag
An Exploration of Morpho-Syntactic Elements of Block Language in Journalistic Discourse
This study aims to explore the morphological and syntactic elements that characterise what is known as "block language" in journalistic discourse through a comparative analysis of Arabic and English texts. The study adopted a mixed qualitative-quantitative methodology, and the sample comprised 100 texts (50 Arabic texts from Al-Quds Al-Arabi and 50 English texts from The Guardian). The results showed that nominal constructions are the most prevalent, accounting for 88% of Arabic texts and 82% of English texts. This is followed by grammatical ellipsis, accounting for 76% of Arabic texts and 70% of English texts. The passive voice is then used, accounting for 58% of Arabic texts and 72% of English texts. The study also showed that Arabic texts tend to use more ellipsis and syntactic reduction, while the passive voice is more prominent in English. It turns out that block language is not just a stylistic choice, but a functional strategy aimed at brevity, displaying apparent neutrality, formulating ideological positions, and sometimes concealing the agent or responsibility.” The study recommends continuing research into the ideological dimensions of block language across various media genres, and the need to integrate the analysis of morphological and syntactic phenomena into journalism and translation curricula, thus contributing to the development of critical awareness and analytical reading skills of media texts.
Reception Dynamics and the Theme of Human Fall in Absurdist Literature: An Interactive Reading of Three Short Stories by Friedrich Dürrenmatt
This study explores the reception dynamics of narrative structure in three short stories by Friedrich Dürrenmatt.—The Eclipse, The Fall, and The Winter War in Tibet—within an interpretive framework based on the hypothesis that these texts narratively embody the concept of "human downfall" in an absurdist context marked by the semantic collapse, and the fragmentation of the self. The research adopts a qualitative, interpretive methodology grounded in Wolfgang Iser’s theory of gaps of reception (1978). A reader-response session was conducted with five participants from diverse professional and cultural backgrounds. Data were collected through direct transcription of participants' interpretive reflections and analyzed thematically within an existential-absurdist framework, drawing on both Western and Arabic critical literature. Findings revealed that the notion of "downfall" was not perceived as a fixed or closed concept, but as an open semantic structure whose meanings shift according to each reader’s context, emotional resonance, and cultural background. The study also identified a rich interpretive engagement encompassing psychological, social, epistemological, and existential dimensions, highlighting the reader’s active role in reconstructing meaning within absurdist narratives. The study concludes that employing an interactive qualitative approach informed by reception theory offers an effective pathway for analyzing absurd literature. It calls for the development of contemporary Arab critical approaches that account for the plurality of reading horizons, and recommends integrating qualitative interpretation with broader quantitative tools to further investigate the cultural dynamics of literary understanding.
The Impact of Social and Cultural Factors on the Effectiveness of Tourism Management in Major Projects: A Human-Centered Perspective
This study highlights the impact of social and cultural factors on the effectiveness of managing major tourism projects, emphasizing the importance of adopting a human-centered approach that enhances the sustainability of these projects and their positive integration with the local community. The research employed a descriptive-analytical methodology, in addition to a case study of a major tourism project in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, aiming to analyze the interaction between socio-cultural factors and tourism management practices. Data were collected through a review of relevant literature, document analysis, and semi-structured interviews with various stakeholders. The findings reveal that social and cultural considerations play a pivotal role in the success of tourism projects, necessitating the integration of these aspects into planning and implementation phases to ensure the achievement of sustainable development goals. Objectives: The study aims to examine the effect of social and cultural factors on the management of major tourism projects, focusing on the challenges faced and proposing a human-centered framework that promotes positive interaction between these projects and the local community to ensure their effectiveness and sustainability. Methodology: The research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach supported by an applied case study. It utilizes semi-structured interviews with experts, surveys targeting local communities, and a review of previous literature in the fields of sustainable tourism and tourism management. Scope of the Study: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with a focus on major projects in emerging tourist cities. &nbsp;Findings: The results revealed a direct relationship between local community support and the success of tourism project management. They also uncovered influential cultural challenges and emphasized the importance of involving residents in the planning process. This contributed to the proposal of a flexible administrative model that considers human and cultural dimensions.
The Role of Digital Communication in Promoting Civic Participation: Moroccan platform I share a model
The study examines the role of digital communication in enhancing individual civic engagement, given the evolution of the digital communication environment and the expansion of its integration by national bodies and public institutions. The goal is to create a dynamic of civic engagement with various social actors, and to leverage the features and characteristics of digital communication platforms in its strategies. They have become spaces for knowledge production and the exchange of opinions within a participatory approach that seeks joint construction and effective contribution to the management of public affairs. The study assumes that digital communication platforms are technological communication channels for establishing advisory mechanisms to promote citizen participation, both male and female, with the goal of achieving positive engagement in public decision-making. In this context, the study concluded that these collaborative platforms are capable of absorbing and exercising the functions of information, guidance, and influence for the benefit of young people involved in these digital platforms. The challenge of enhancing the level of civic participation within society remains tied to the extent to which public institutions respond to the results of citizen consultations, which reflect growing societal awareness of current issues and express the daily living needs of Moroccan citizens.